1. Make It Safe

  • Point the firearm in a safe direction

  • Remove the magazine (if applicable)

  • Open the action

  • Visually and physically check the chamber

  • Leave the action open while you work

2. Field Strip

  • Follow the manufacturer’s instructions

  • You typically remove:

    • Bolt or bolt carrier

    • For shotguns: barrel and sometimes the forend

  • No full disassembly needed for routine cleaning

3. Clean the Barrel

(Chamber to muzzle when possible)

  1. Attach the correct-size bore brush

  2. Apply solvent to the brush

  3. Run it through the barrel several times

  4. Switch to patches and push them through until mostly clean

Notes:

  • Rifles: You may need extra passes for carbon or copper fouling

  • Shotguns: Watch for plastic wad residue; it may take a few more brush passes

4. Clean the Action

  • Spray or apply solvent to:

    • Bolt or bolt carrier

    • Chamber area

    • Feed ramp (if applicable)

  • Use a nylon brush or cloth to remove buildup

  • Wipe everything dry

5. Lightly Lubricate

  • Apply a small amount of oil to:

    • Bolt lugs

    • Rails or contact points

    • Moving parts

⚠️ Do not over-oil, especially on shotguns — excess oil attracts dirt.

6. Reassemble

  • Put the firearm back together following the manual

  • Ensure everything seats correctly

7. Function Check

  • Cycle the action

  • Engage and disengage the safety

  • Make sure the firearm is unloaded and then dry fire (only if allowed by the manufacturer)

8. Final Wipe Down

  • Wipe exterior metal with a lightly oiled cloth

  • Remove fingerprints and moisture to prevent rust

How Often Should You Clean?

  • After every range session is ideal

  • At minimum:

    • Rifles: every few uses

    • Shotguns: when dirty or after heavy use

Simple Rule to Remember

Clean it. Lightly oil it. Don’t drown it.